TLS: TLSv1.3 earlydata support for curl

Based on #14135, implement TLSv1.3 earlydata support for the curl
command line, libcurl and its implementation in GnuTLS.

If a known TLS

TLS: TLSv1.3 earlydata support for curl

Based on #14135, implement TLSv1.3 earlydata support for the curl
command line, libcurl and its implementation in GnuTLS.

If a known TLS session announces early data support, and the feature is
enabled *and* it is not a "connect-only" transfer, delay the TLS
handshake until the first request is being sent.

- Add --tls-earldata as new boolean command line option for curl.
- Add CURLSSLOPT_EARLYDATA to libcurl to enable use of the feature.
- Add CURLINFO_EARLYDATA_SENT_T to libcurl, reporting the amount of
bytes sent and accepted/rejected by the server.

Implementation details:
- store the ALPN protocol selected at the SSL session.
- When reusing the session and enabling earlydata, use exactly
that ALPN protocol for negoptiation with the server. When the
sessions ALPN does not match the connections ALPN, earlydata
will not be enabled.
- Check that the server selected the correct ALPN protocol for
an earlydata connect. If the server does not confirm or reports
something different, the connect fails.
- HTTP/2: delay sending the initial SETTINGS frames during connect,
if not connect-only.

Verification:
- add test_02_32 to verify earlydata GET with nghttpx.
- add test_07_70 to verify earlydata PUT with nghttpx.
- add support in 'hx-download', 'hx-upload' clients for the feature

Assisted-by: ad-chaos on github
Closes #15211

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curl: add --skip-existing

With this option, the entire download is skipped if the selected target
filename already exists when the opertion is about to begin.

Test 994, 995 and

curl: add --skip-existing

With this option, the entire download is skipped if the selected target
filename already exists when the opertion is about to begin.

Test 994, 995 and 996 verify.

Ref: #11012
Closes #13993

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tool_getparam: make --show-headers the same as --include

Simply a name alias that better explains what the option does.

Closes #13987

curl: support embedding a CA bundle

Add the ability to embed a CA bundle into the curl binary. It is used
when no other runtime or build-time option set one.

This helps curl-for

curl: support embedding a CA bundle

Add the ability to embed a CA bundle into the curl binary. It is used
when no other runtime or build-time option set one.

This helps curl-for-win macOS and Linux builds to run standalone, and
also helps Windows builds to avoid picking up the CA bundle from an
arbitrary (possibly world-writable) location (though this behaviour is
not currently disablable).

Usage:
- cmake: `-DCURL_CA_EMBED=/path/to/curl-ca-bundle.crt`
- autotools: `--with-ca-embed=/path/to/curl-ca-bundle.crt`
- Makefile.mk: `CURL_CA_EMBED=/path/to/curl-ca-bundle.crt`

Also add new command-line option `--dump-ca-embed` to dump the embedded
CA bundle to standard output.

Closes #14059

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tcpkeepalive: add CURLOPT_TCP_KEEPCNT and --keepalive-cnt

Closes #13885

curl: support VLAN Priority: --vlan-priority

Add --vlan-priority option to the command line tool for setting VLAN
priority.

Closes #13907

curl: (on linux) add MPTCP support

Multipath TCP (MPTCP), standardized in RFC8684 [1], is a TCP extension
that enables a TCP connection to use different paths.

Multipath TCP has

curl: (on linux) add MPTCP support

Multipath TCP (MPTCP), standardized in RFC8684 [1], is a TCP extension
that enables a TCP connection to use different paths.

Multipath TCP has been used for several use cases. On smartphones, MPTCP
enables seamless handovers between cellular and Wi-Fi networks while
preserving established connections. This use-case is what pushed Apple
to use MPTCP since 2013 in multiple applications [2]. On dual-stack
hosts, Multipath TCP enables the TCP connection to automatically use the
best performing path, either IPv4 or IPv6. If one path fails, MPTCP
automatically uses the other path.

To benefit from MPTCP, both the client and the server have to support
it. Multipath TCP is a backward-compatible TCP extension that is enabled
by default on recent Linux distributions (Debian, Ubuntu, Redhat, ...).
Multipath TCP is included in the Linux kernel since version 5.6 [3]. To
use it on Linux, an application must explicitly enable it when creating
the socket. No need to change anything else in the application.

This attached patch adds an --mptcp option which allows the creation of
an MPTCP socket instead of TCP on Linux. If Multipath TCP is not
supported on the system, an error will be reported. It is important to
note that if the end server doesn't support MPTCP, the connection will
continue after a seamless fallback to TCP.

Link: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8684.html [1]
Link: https://www.tessares.net/apples-mptcp-story-so-far/ [2]
Link: https://www.mptcp.dev [3]
Co-developed-by: Dorian Craps (@CrapsDorian) <doriancraps@gmail.com>
Co-developed-by: Olivier Bonaventure (@obonaventure) <Olivier.Bonaventure@uclouvain.be>
Co-developed-by: Matthieu Baerts (@matttbe) <matttbe@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dorian Craps <dorian.craps@student.vinci.be>

Closes #13278

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curl: support IP Type of Service / Traffic Class: --ip-tos

Add --ip-tos option to the command line tool for setting TOS for IPv4 or
Traffic Class for IPv6.

Closes #13606

TLS: add support for ECH (Encrypted Client Hello)

An EXPERIMENTAL feature used with CURLOPT_ECH and --ech.

Closes #11922

docs/cmdline: change to .md for cmdline docs

- switch all invidual files documenting command line options into .md,
as the documentation is now markdown-looking.

- made the

docs/cmdline: change to .md for cmdline docs

- switch all invidual files documenting command line options into .md,
as the documentation is now markdown-looking.

- made the parser treat 4-space indents as quotes

- switch to building the curl.1 manpage using the "mainpage.idx" file,
which lists the files to include to generate it, instead of using the
previous page-footer/headers. Also, those files are now also .md
ones, using the same format. I gave them underscore prefixes to make
them sort separately:
_NAME.md, _SYNOPSIS.md, _DESCRIPTION.md, _URL.md, _GLOBBING.md,
_VARIABLES.md, _OUTPUT.md, _PROTOCOLS.md, _PROGRESS.md, _VERSION.md,
_OPTIONS.md, _FILES.md, _ENVIRONMENT.md, _PROXYPREFIX.md,
_EXITCODES.md, _BUGS.md, _AUTHORS.md, _WWW.md, _SEEALSO.md

- updated test cases accordingly

Closes #12751

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curl: add support for the IPFS protocols:

- ipfs://<cid>
- ipns://<cid>

This allows you tu use ipfs in curl like:
curl ipfs://<cid>
and
curl ipns://<cid>

Fo

curl: add support for the IPFS protocols:

- ipfs://<cid>
- ipns://<cid>

This allows you tu use ipfs in curl like:
curl ipfs://<cid>
and
curl ipns://<cid>

For more information consult the readme at:
https://curl.se/docs/ipfs.html

Closes #8805

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trace: make tracing available in non-debug builds

Add --trace-config to curl

Add curl_global_trace() to libcurl

Closes #11421

tool: add "variable" support

Add support for command line variables. Set variables with --variable
name=content or --variable name@file (where "file" can be stdin if set
to a single

tool: add "variable" support

Add support for command line variables. Set variables with --variable
name=content or --variable name@file (where "file" can be stdin if set
to a single dash (-)).

Variable content is expanded in option parameters using "{{name}}"
(without the quotes) if the option name is prefixed with
"--expand-". This gets the contents of the variable "name" inserted, or
a blank if the name does not exist as a variable. Insert "{{" verbatim
in the string by prefixing it with a backslash, like "\\{{".

Import an environment variable with --variable %name. It makes curl exit
with an error if the environment variable is not set. It can also rather
get a default value if the variable does not exist, using =content or
@file like shown above.

Example: get the USER environment variable into the URL:

--variable %USER
--expand-url = "https://example.com/api/{{USER}}/method"

When expanding variables, curl supports a set of functions that can make
the variable contents more convenient to use. It can trim leading and
trailing white space with "trim", output the contents as a JSON quoted
string with "json", URL encode it with "url" and base 64 encode it with
"b64". To apply functions to a variable expansion, add them colon
separated to the right side of the variable. They are then performed in
a left to right order.

Example: get the contents of a file called $HOME/.secret into a variable
called "fix". Make sure that the content is trimmed and percent-encoded
sent as POST data:

--variable %HOME=/home/default
--expand-variable fix@{{HOME}}/.secret
--expand-data "{{fix:trim:url}}"
https://example.com/

Documented. Many new test cases.

Co-brainstormed-by: Emanuele Torre
Assisted-by: Jat Satiro
Closes #11346

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tool: add curl command line option `--trace-ids`

- added and documented --trace-ids to prepend (after the timestamp)
the transfer and connection identifiers to each verbose log line

tool: add curl command line option `--trace-ids`

- added and documented --trace-ids to prepend (after the timestamp)
the transfer and connection identifiers to each verbose log line
- format is [n-m] with `n` being the transfer id and `m` being the
connection id. In case there is not valid connection id, print 'x'.
- Log calls with a handle that has no transfer id yet, are written
without any ids.

Closes #11185

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haproxy: add --haproxy-clientip flag to spoof client IPs

CURLOPT_HAPROXY_CLIENT_IP in the library

Closes #10779

curl: add --ca-native and --proxy-ca-native

These are two boolean options to ask curl to use the native OS's CA
store when verifying TLS servers. For peers and for proxies
respective

curl: add --ca-native and --proxy-ca-native

These are two boolean options to ask curl to use the native OS's CA
store when verifying TLS servers. For peers and for proxies
respectively.

They currently only have an effect for curl on Windows when built to use
OpenSSL for TLS.

Closes #11049

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curl: add --proxy-http2

For trying HTTP/2 with an HTTPS proxy.

Closes #10926

src: add --http3-only

Warning: --http3 and --http3-only are subject to change again (or be
removed) before HTTP/3 support goes non-experimental.

Closes #10264

copyright: update all copyright lines and remove year ranges

- they are mostly pointless in all major jurisdictions
- many big corporations and projects already don't use them
- save

copyright: update all copyright lines and remove year ranges

- they are mostly pointless in all major jurisdictions
- many big corporations and projects already don't use them
- saves us from pointless churn
- git keeps history for us
- the year range is kept in COPYING

checksrc is updated to allow non-year using copyright statements

Closes #10205

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curl: add --url-query

This option adds a piece of data, usually a name + value pair, to the
end of the URL query part. The syntax is identical to that used for
--data-urlencode with

curl: add --url-query

This option adds a piece of data, usually a name + value pair, to the
end of the URL query part. The syntax is identical to that used for
--data-urlencode with one extension:

If the argument starts with a '+' (plus), the rest of the string is
provided as-is unencoded.

This allows users to "build" query parts with options and URL encoding
even when not doing GET requests, which the already provided option -G
(--get) is limited to.

This idea was born in a Twitter thread.

Closes #9691

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copyright: make repository REUSE compliant

Add licensing and copyright information for all files in this repository. This
either happens in the file itself as a comment header or in the

copyright: make repository REUSE compliant

Add licensing and copyright information for all files in this repository. This
either happens in the file itself as a comment header or in the file
`.reuse/dep5`.

This commit also adds a Github workflow to check pull requests and adapts
copyright.pl to the changes.

Closes #8869

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curl: add --rate to set max request rate per time unit

--rate "12/m" - for 12 per minute or
--rate "5/h" - for 5 per hour

Removed from TODO

Closes #8671

curl: add --no-clobber

Does not overwrite output files if they already exist

Closes #7708
Co-authored-by: Daniel Stenberg

curl: add --remove-on-error

If a transfer returns an error, using this option makes curl remove the
leftover downloded (partial) local file before exiting.

Added test 376 to ver

curl: add --remove-on-error

If a transfer returns an error, using this option makes curl remove the
leftover downloded (partial) local file before exiting.

Added test 376 to verify

Closes #8503

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tool_getparam: initial --json support

Adds these test cases:

383 - simple single command line option
384 - reading it from stdin
385 - getting two --json options on comma

tool_getparam: initial --json support

Adds these test cases:

383 - simple single command line option
384 - reading it from stdin
385 - getting two --json options on command line
386 - --next works after --json

Closes #8314

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