Use unsigned int for the reference count APIs in ext/libxml (#16706)

Also removes impossible conditions.

Fix GH-16590: UAF in session_encode()

The `PS_ENCODE_LOOP` does not protect the session hash table that it
iterates over. Change it by temporarily creating a copy.

Closes GH-166

Fix GH-16590: UAF in session_encode()

The `PS_ENCODE_LOOP` does not protect the session hash table that it
iterates over. Change it by temporarily creating a copy.

Closes GH-16640.

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Prepare for PHP 8.4

Inlines the behaviour of php_mkdir_ex() into plain wrapper mkdir handler (#15520)

This effectively inlines the behaviour of php_mkdir_ex() which is a deprecated API from at least 17 years ag

Inlines the behaviour of php_mkdir_ex() into plain wrapper mkdir handler (#15520)

This effectively inlines the behaviour of php_mkdir_ex() which is a deprecated API from at least 17 years ago, and also fixes some of the return values.

This also removes a dependency on ext/standard

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ext/standard/url.c: Stop exposing php_replace_controlchars_ex()

This is not used from a quick search on SourceGraph and this allows us to refactor it

ext/standard/string.c: Remove to(upper|lower) PHP API in favour of Zend APIs

Fix UAF issues with PCRE after request shutdown

There are two related issues, each tested.

First problem:
What happens is that on the CLI SAPI we have a per-request pcre cache,

Fix UAF issues with PCRE after request shutdown

There are two related issues, each tested.

First problem:
What happens is that on the CLI SAPI we have a per-request pcre cache,
and on there the request shutdown for the pcre module happens prior to
the remaining live object destruction. So when the SPL object wants to
clean up the regular expression object it gets a use-after-free.

Second problem:
Very similarly, the non-persistent resources are destroyed after request
shutdown, so on the CLI SAPI the pcre request cache is already gone, but
if a userspace stream references a regex in the pcre cache, this breaks.

Two things that come immediately to mind:
- We could fix it by no longer treating the CLI SAPI special and just use
the same lifecycle as the module. This simplifies the pcre module code
a bit too. I wonder why we even have the separation in the first place.
The downside here is that we're using more the system allocator
than Zend's allocator for cache entries.
- We could modify the shutdown code to not remove regular expressions
with a refcount>0 and modify php_pcre_pce_decref code such that it
becomes php_pcre_pce_decref's job to clean up when the refcount
becomes 0 during shutdown. However, this gets nasty quickly.

I chose the first solution here as it should be reliable and simple.

Closes GH-15064.

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Autotools: Obsolete PHP_TEST_BUILD, PHP_BUILD_THREAD_SAFE, and PHP_DEF_HAVE (#15802)

The PHP_BUILD_THREAD_SAFE macro is a simple wrapper around setting the
enable_zts variable and can't

Autotools: Obsolete PHP_TEST_BUILD, PHP_BUILD_THREAD_SAFE, and PHP_DEF_HAVE (#15802)

The PHP_BUILD_THREAD_SAFE macro is a simple wrapper around setting the
enable_zts variable and can't be used in PHP extensions realistically.

The PHP_TEST_BUILD macro might produce warnings on certain compiler
configurations and default AC_* macros like AC_LINK_IFELSE,
AC_CHECK_LIB, or AC_CHECK_FUNC are better suited for such checks. Also,
a quick browse through the open-source PHP extensions doesn't find
usages of this macro except in imap extension where patch is was already
sent:
https://github.com/php/pecl-mail-imap/pull/11

PHP_DEF_HAVE is a wrapper around AC_DEFINE and using AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED
and AS_TR_CPP are better suited for this task where also help text can
be passed. Usages in the open source PHP extensions have been checked and
patches sent where found.

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Autotools: Check Apache version with apxs and HTTPD_VERSION variable (#15476)

The apxs -q HTTPD_VERSION variable is available since Apache 2.4.17.
This change obsoletes the PHP_AP_EXTRAC

Autotools: Check Apache version with apxs and HTTPD_VERSION variable (#15476)

The apxs -q HTTPD_VERSION variable is available since Apache 2.4.17.
This change obsoletes the PHP_AP_EXTRACT_VERSION macro and checks the
version in the config.m4 file directly. Version is checked against the
dotted format instead of the version number.

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Autotools: Enable adding a list of paths in PHP_ADD_INCLUDE (#15777)

This enables adding multiple include paths. For example:

PHP_ADD_INCLUDE([
$abs_srcdir
$

Autotools: Enable adding a list of paths in PHP_ADD_INCLUDE (#15777)

This enables adding multiple include paths. For example:

PHP_ADD_INCLUDE([
$abs_srcdir
$abs_builddir
$abs_srcdir/main
$abs_builddir/main
], [1])

The 2nd argument "prepend" is now validated at Autoconf compile time
instead of the configure time.

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Autotools: Sync CS for PHP_PWRITE_TEST and PHP_PREAD_TEST (#15774)

- AS_* macros used
- Arguments quoted
- Cache variable ac_cv_pread renamed to php_cv_func_pread
- Cache variabl

Autotools: Sync CS for PHP_PWRITE_TEST and PHP_PREAD_TEST (#15774)

- AS_* macros used
- Arguments quoted
- Cache variable ac_cv_pread renamed to php_cv_func_pread
- Cache variables ac_cv_pwrite renamed to php_cv_func_pwrite

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Autotools: s/M4 macros/Autoconf macros (#15778)

M4 macros would mean macros for M4 language like m4_normalize() and
similar. Macros defined with AC_DEFUN are better called simply Auotoco

Autotools: s/M4 macros/Autoconf macros (#15778)

M4 macros would mean macros for M4 language like m4_normalize() and
similar. Macros defined with AC_DEFUN are better called simply Auotoconf
macros.

[skip ci]

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Interrupt while internal frame is on the stack (#14627)

* Check VM interrupt while internal frame is on top

* Use tab instead of spaces

* fix frame used in interrupt and re

Interrupt while internal frame is on the stack (#14627)

* Check VM interrupt while internal frame is on top

* Use tab instead of spaces

* fix frame used in interrupt and refactor

* remove unused failures for zend_jit_check_timeout

* Fix JIT support

Co-authored-by: Bob Weinand <bobwei9@hotmail.com>

* Fix the missing store to vm_interrupt

* Rename new functions

* Special case zend_interrupt_function in JIT code

* refactor to use ZEND_VM_SET_OPCODE_NO_INTERRUPT

* Split atomic exchange into load + store

It is difficult to determine performance of atomics sometimes. In this
case, the separate load+store is still correct, and a load does not
cause a modification, and might be faster for some platforms than an
exchange. A load+store is slower than an exchange, but we're fine
trading the penalty to the slow path and keeping the happy path faster.

---------

Co-authored-by: Bob Weinand <bobwei9@hotmail.com>

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[ci skip] NEWS and UPGRADING for PASSWORD_ARGON2 on openssl

Autotools: Normalize flags arguments (#15671)

This is a follow up of 7edb9a07d750a92ceea9371588f10ff2f05df40f that
provides passing compilation options to PHP_NEW_EXTENSION,
PHP_ADD_

Autotools: Normalize flags arguments (#15671)

This is a follow up of 7edb9a07d750a92ceea9371588f10ff2f05df40f that
provides passing compilation options to PHP_NEW_EXTENSION,
PHP_ADD_SOURCES, PHP_ADD_SOURCES_X, and PHP_SELECT_SAPI as a
blank-or-newline-separated argument.

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Lazy objects

RFC: https://wiki.php.net/rfc/lazy-objects

Closes GH-15019

Autotools: Normalize 2nd arg in PHP_ADD_SOURCES_X (#15088)

By using `m4_normalize(m4_expand([...]))`, the arguments can be split
into newlines without using backslashes and it makes work

Autotools: Normalize 2nd arg in PHP_ADD_SOURCES_X (#15088)

By using `m4_normalize(m4_expand([...]))`, the arguments can be split
into newlines without using backslashes and it makes working with lists
of files a bit easier.

Tested:
- variables inside the argument
- M4 macro expansions
- dnl comments
- any sequence of newlines, backslash-then-newline, multiple spaces,
tabs...
- quoted/unquoted arguments

This now works for PHP_NEW_EXTENSION, PHP_ADD_SOURCES, PHP_ADD_SOURCES_X,
and PHP_SELECT_SAPI. The m4_normalize() usage is left in the php-src
config.m4 files following the 0a0d2d063176d2fd8948be91c74c854ce630b91c
for PECL extensions until phpize will be available on all supported
versions (minimum PHP 8.4).

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Autotools: Normalize PHP_ADD_BUILD_DIR 1st argument (#15612)

The m4_normalize(m4_expand([$1])) expands the given argument if it
contains M4 macros, and then trims the items together into

Autotools: Normalize PHP_ADD_BUILD_DIR 1st argument (#15612)

The m4_normalize(m4_expand([$1])) expands the given argument if it
contains M4 macros, and then trims the items together into a space
separated string in an intuitive way.

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Autotools: Normalize PHP_INSTALL_HEADERS arguments (#15620)

The m4_normalize(m4_expand([...])) simplifies working with a list of
header files. The m4_normalize() is at this point still u

Autotools: Normalize PHP_INSTALL_HEADERS arguments (#15620)

The m4_normalize(m4_expand([...])) simplifies working with a list of
header files. The m4_normalize() is at this point still used in the
php-src config.m4 files because of copy/paste probability to community
extensions where the arguments still need to be done in the old style to
support phpize in PHP-8.3 and earlier. For example:

PHP_INSTALL_HEADERS([ext/dom], m4_normalize([
dom_ce.h
namespace_compat.h
xml_common.h
xpath_callbacks.h
]))

When PHP 8.4 will be the minimum supported PHP version, the headers can
be installed without using m4_normalize() in PECL extensions. For
example:

PHP_INSTALL_HEADERS([ext/dom], [
dom_ce.h
namespace_compat.h
xml_common.h
xpath_callbacks.h
])

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Fix GH-15534: Bump minimum libxml2 version to 2.9.4 (#15536)

The xmlDictPtr was moved before the includes in libxml2 2.9.4 so the
<libxml/dict.h> can be included directly but for earlier

Fix GH-15534: Bump minimum libxml2 version to 2.9.4 (#15536)

The xmlDictPtr was moved before the includes in libxml2 2.9.4 so the
<libxml/dict.h> can be included directly but for earlier versions the
<libxml/tree.h> needs to be included before. Since PHP requires libxml2
2.9.0 or later and this also fixes builds on Solaris 10.

As earlier 2.9.0-2.9.3 libxml2 versions also include several security
issues, this change bumps the required minimum libxml2 version to 2.9.4

On Windows, a check for minimum libxml2 version is also added.

Co-authored-by: Christoph M. Becker <cmbecker69@gmx.de>

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Autotools: Add min-version argument to PHP_PROG_PHP macro (#15477)

This makes a bit simpler to use this macro by optionally passing the
required minimum PHP version. If version is not pa

Autotools: Add min-version argument to PHP_PROG_PHP macro (#15477)

This makes a bit simpler to use this macro by optionally passing the
required minimum PHP version. If version is not passed it falls back
to 7.4 as before. Minimum version also added to configure.ac.

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Fix GH-15501: Windows HAVE_<header>_H macros defined to 1 or undefined (#15508)

Previously the CHECK_HEADER_ADD_INCLUDE function defined the
`HAVE_<header>_H` preprocessor macros to valu

Fix GH-15501: Windows HAVE_<header>_H macros defined to 1 or undefined (#15508)

Previously the CHECK_HEADER_ADD_INCLUDE function defined the
`HAVE_<header>_H` preprocessor macros to value 0 or 1 whether the
`<header.h>` file was found. This syncs it with Autotools build system
where most of these macros are either undefined or defined to 1.

In possible edge cases where such macros might be intentionally used
like this without being aware that HAVE_HEADER_H can be 0 or 1 on
Windows:

| #ifdef HAVE_HEADER_H
| ...
| #endif

there is backwards incompatibility for PECL extensions in case the
header wouldn't exist on Windows such code wouldn't execute. However,
this is considered a bug if such case is present. From the Autotools
point of view, the check is correct though and should be used with
ifdef/defined() checks.

Help text is also synced to Autotools style:
`Define to 1 if you have the <header.h> header file.`

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[skip ci] Add UPGRADING.INTERNALS entry for EXIT opcode

ext/standard: Remove deprecated php_uint32 and php_int32 typedefs

Use the standard uint32_t and int32_t types instead.

ext/standard/info.c: Removed php_info_html_esc()