Move shared c-ares glue code from uv-common to cares.c

windows, unix: share c-ares glue code

unix, windows: rework reference counting scheme

This commit changes how the event loop determines if it needs to stay alive.

Previously, an internal counter was increased whenever a

unix, windows: rework reference counting scheme

This commit changes how the event loop determines if it needs to stay alive.

Previously, an internal counter was increased whenever a handle got created
and decreased again when the handle was closed.

While conceptually simple, it turned out hard to work with: you often want
to keep the event loop alive only if the handle is actually doing something.
Stopped or inactive handles were a frequent source of hanging event loops.

That's why this commit changes the reference counting scheme to a model where
a handle only references the event loop when it's active. 'Active' means
different things for different handle types, e.g.:

* timers: ticking
* sockets: reading, writing or listening
* processes: always active (for now, subject to change)
* idle, check, prepare: only active when started

This commit also changes how the uv_ref() and uv_unref() functions work: they
now operate on the level of individual handles, not the whole event loop.

The Windows implementation was done by Bert Belder.

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Remove UV_ARES_TASK_PRIVATE_FIELDS.

It's only used internally, it doesn't have to be part of a public header file.

unix, win: store ares handles in a binary tree

Store the uv_ares_task_t handles in a red-black tree, not a linked list.

Fixes #72.

common: make uv__set_*_error() return -1

So you can do `if (errno) return uv__set_sys_error(loop, errno);`.

Rename COUNTOF() to ARRAY_SIZE().

Consistent with Node, it has an ARRAY_SIZE() macro but not COUNTOF().

Add uv__new_artificial_error()

uv_kill

Add uv__new_sys_error

unix,win: Start unifying shared bind code.

unix,win: Start unifying shared tcp connect code.

Fixes #76. Unify OS error reporting

As a nice fringe benefit, this also shaves a word
off of a windows TCP handle by replacing "uv_err_t
bind_error" with "int bind_error".

fix fs_file_noent on windows

win: use win32 api for file reading and writing

unix: multiplicity

Begin implementation of UNIX uv_fs_ functions

Adding this incomplete work now to ease rebase troubles later as it moves
the functions to src/unix/fs.c and introduces src/unix/internal.h.

allocate windows pipe handles on demand

src/ and include/ directories

Helps #71 but does not update the MSVC files.