curl: add options for safe/no CA bundle search (Windows)

Add `CURL_CA_SEARCH_SAFE` build-time option to enable CA bundle search
in the `curl` tool directory. The lookup method was alread

curl: add options for safe/no CA bundle search (Windows)

Add `CURL_CA_SEARCH_SAFE` build-time option to enable CA bundle search
in the `curl` tool directory. The lookup method was already used to find
`.curlrc` and `_curlrc` (on Windows). On Windows it overrides the unsafe
default `SearchPath()` method.

Enable with:
- cmake: `-DCURL_CA_SEARCH_SAFE=ON`
- autotools: `--enable-ca-search-safe`
- raw: `CPPFLAGS=-DCURL_CA_SEARCH_SAFE`

On Windows, before this patch the whole `PATH` was searched for
a CA bundle. `PATH` may contain unwanted or world-writable locations,
including the current directory. Searching them all is convenient to
pick up any CA bundle, but not secure.

The Muldersoft curl distro implements such CA search via a custom
patch for Windows:
https://github.com/lordmulder/cURL-build-win32/blob/cd652d4792c177c98b08b4309d3cac2b8dbbf9b0/patch/curl_tool_doswin.diff#L50

MSYS2/mingw-w64 distro has also been rolling a patch solving this:
https://github.com/msys2/MINGW-packages/blob/master/mingw-w64-curl/0001-Make-cURL-relocatable.patch
https://github.com/msys2/MINGW-packages/blob/master/mingw-w64-curl/pathtools.c

Also add option to fully disable Windows CA search:
- cmake: `-DCURL_DISABLE_CA_SEARCH=ON`
- autotools: `--disable-ca-search`
- raw: `CPPFLAGS=-DCURL_DISABLE_CA_SEARCH`.

Both options are considered EXPERIMENTAL, with possible incompatible
changes or even (partial) removal in the future, depending on feedback.

An alternative, secure option is to embed the CA bundle into the binary.

Safe search can be extended to other platforms if necessary or useful,
by using `_NSGetExecutablePath()` (macOS),
`/proc/self/exe` (Linux/Cygwin), or `argv[0]`.

Closes #14582

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lib/src: white space edits to comply better with code style

... as checksrc now finds and complains about these.

Closes #14921

code: language cleanup in comments

Based on the standards and guidelines we use for our documentation.

- expand contractions (they're => they are etc)
- host name = > hostname

code: language cleanup in comments

Based on the standards and guidelines we use for our documentation.

- expand contractions (they're => they are etc)
- host name = > hostname
- file name => filename
- user name = username
- man page => manpage
- run-time => runtime
- set-up => setup
- back-end => backend
- a HTTP => an HTTP
- Two spaces after a period => one space after period

Closes #14073

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tool: move tool_ftruncate64 to tool_util.c

... and the prototype to tool_setup.h, to make them both available more
widely and accurately.

Follow-up to 00bef95946d3511

F

tool: move tool_ftruncate64 to tool_util.c

... and the prototype to tool_setup.h, to make them both available more
widely and accurately.

Follow-up to 00bef95946d3511

Fixes #13458
Closes #13459

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windows: use built-in `_WIN32` macro to detect Windows

Windows compilers define `_WIN32` automatically. Windows SDK headers
or build env defines `WIN32`, or we have to take care of it. T

windows: use built-in `_WIN32` macro to detect Windows

Windows compilers define `_WIN32` automatically. Windows SDK headers
or build env defines `WIN32`, or we have to take care of it. The
agreement seems to be that `_WIN32` is the preferred practice here.
Make the source code rely on that to detect we're building for Windows.

Public `curl.h` was using `WIN32`, `__WIN32__` and `CURL_WIN32` for
Windows detection, next to the official `_WIN32`. After this patch it
only uses `_WIN32` for this. Also, make it stop defining `CURL_WIN32`.

There is a slight chance these break compatibility with Windows
compilers that fail to define `_WIN32`. I'm not aware of any obsolete
or modern compiler affected, but in case there is one, one possible
solution is to define this macro manually.

grepping for `WIN32` remains useful to discover Windows-specific code.

Also:

- extend `checksrc` to ensure we're not using `WIN32` anymore.

- apply minor formatting here and there.

- delete unnecessary checks for `!MSDOS` when `_WIN32` is present.

Co-authored-by: Jay Satiro
Reviewed-by: Daniel Stenberg

Closes #12376

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cmake: add support for "unity" builds

Aka "jumbo" or "amalgamation" builds. It means to compile all sources
per target as a single C source. This is experimental.

You can enable

cmake: add support for "unity" builds

Aka "jumbo" or "amalgamation" builds. It means to compile all sources
per target as a single C source. This is experimental.

You can enable it by passing `-DCMAKE_UNITY_BUILD=ON` to cmake.
It requires CMake 3.16 or newer.

It makes builds (much) faster, allows for better optimizations and tends
to promote less ambiguous code.

Also add a new AppVeyor CI job and convert an existing one to use
"unity" mode (one MSVC, one MinGW), and enable it for one macOS CI job.

Fix related issues:
- add missing include guard to `easy_lock.h`.
- rename static variables and functions (and a macro) with names reused
across sources, or shadowed by local variables.
- add an `#undef` after use.
- add a missing `#undef` before use.
- move internal definitions from `ftp.h` to `ftp.c`.
- `curl_memory.h` fixes to make it work when included repeatedly.
- stop building/linking curlx bits twice for a static-mode curl tool.
These caused doubly defined symbols in unity builds.
- silence missing extern declarations compiler warning for ` _CRT_glob`.
- fix extern declarations for `tool_freq` and `tool_isVistaOrGreater`.
- fix colliding static symbols in debug mode: `debugtime()` and
`statename`.
- rename `ssl_backend_data` structure to unique names for each
TLS-backend, along with the `ssl_connect_data` struct member
referencing them. This required adding casts for each access.
- add workaround for missing `[P]UNICODE_STRING` types in certain Windows
builds when compiling `lib/ldap.c`. To support "unity" builds, we had
to enable `SCHANNEL_USE_BLACKLISTS` for Schannel (a Windows
`schannel.h` option) _globally_. This caused an indirect inclusion of
Windows `schannel.h` from `ldap.c` via `winldap.h` to have it enabled
as well. This requires `[P]UNICODE_STRING` types, which is apperantly
not defined automatically (as seen with both MSVS and mingw-w64).
This patch includes `<subauth.h>` to fix it.
Ref: https://github.com/curl/curl/runs/13987772013
Ref: https://dev.azure.com/daniel0244/curl/_build/results?buildId=15827&view=logs&jobId=2c9f582d-e278-56b6-4354-f38a4d851906&j=2c9f582d-e278-56b6-4354-f38a4d851906&t=90509b00-34fa-5a81-35d7-5ed9569d331c
- tweak unity builds to compile `lib/memdebug.c` separately in memory
trace builds to avoid PP confusion.
- force-disable unity for test programs.
- do not compile and link libcurl sources to libtests _twice_ when libcurl
is built in static mode.

KNOWN ISSUES:
- running tests with unity builds may fail in cases.
- some build configurations/env may not compile in unity mode. E.g.:
https://ci.appveyor.com/project/curlorg/curl/builds/47230972/job/51wfesgnfuauwl8q#L250

Ref: https://github.com/libssh2/libssh2/issues/1034
Ref: https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/prop_tgt/UNITY_BUILD.html
Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_build

Closes #11095

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copyright: update all copyright lines and remove year ranges

- they are mostly pointless in all major jurisdictions
- many big corporations and projects already don't use them
- save

copyright: update all copyright lines and remove year ranges

- they are mostly pointless in all major jurisdictions
- many big corporations and projects already don't use them
- saves us from pointless churn
- git keeps history for us
- the year range is kept in COPYING

checksrc is updated to allow non-year using copyright statements

Closes #10205

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tool: remove protocol count limitation

Replace bit mask protocol sets by null-terminated arrays of protocol
tokens. These are the addresses of the protocol names returned by
curl_ver

tool: remove protocol count limitation

Replace bit mask protocol sets by null-terminated arrays of protocol
tokens. These are the addresses of the protocol names returned by
curl_version_info().

Protocol names are sorted case-insensitively before output to satisfy CI
tests matches consistency.

The protocol list returned by curl_version_info() is augmented with all
RTMP protocol variants.

Test 1401 adjusted for new alpha ordered output.

Closes #9546

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copyright: make repository REUSE compliant

Add licensing and copyright information for all files in this repository. This
either happens in the file itself as a comment header or in the

copyright: make repository REUSE compliant

Add licensing and copyright information for all files in this repository. This
either happens in the file itself as a comment header or in the file
`.reuse/dep5`.

This commit also adds a Github workflow to check pull requests and adapts
copyright.pl to the changes.

Closes #8869

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misc: update incorrect copyright year ranges

Closes #7577

tool/tests: fix potential year 2038 issues

The length of 'long' in a 32-bit system is 32 bits, which cannot be used
to save timestamps after 2038. Most operating systems have extended

tool/tests: fix potential year 2038 issues

The length of 'long' in a 32-bit system is 32 bits, which cannot be used
to save timestamps after 2038. Most operating systems have extended
time_t to 64 bits.

Remove the castings to long.

Closes #7466

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curl.se: new home

Closes #6172

util: silence conversion warnings

timeval::tv_usec might be a 32-bit integer and timespec::tv_nsec might
be a 64-bit integer. This is the case when building for recent macOS
versions

util: silence conversion warnings

timeval::tv_usec might be a 32-bit integer and timespec::tv_nsec might
be a 64-bit integer. This is the case when building for recent macOS
versions, for example. Just treat tv_usec as an int, which should
hopefully always be sufficient on systems with
`HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME_MONOTONIC`.

Closes https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/5695

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tool: do not declare functions with Curl_ prefix

To avoid collision risks with private libcurl symbols when linked with
static versions (or just versions not hiding internal symbols).

tool: do not declare functions with Curl_ prefix

To avoid collision risks with private libcurl symbols when linked with
static versions (or just versions not hiding internal symbols).

Reported-by: hydra3333 on github
Fixes #5219
Closes #5234

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nit: Copyright year out of date

Follow-up to 1fc0617dcc

tool_util: Improve Windows version of tvnow()

- Change tool_util.c tvnow() for Windows to match more closely to
timeval.c Curl_now().

- Create a win32 init function for the to

tool_util: Improve Windows version of tvnow()

- Change tool_util.c tvnow() for Windows to match more closely to
timeval.c Curl_now().

- Create a win32 init function for the tool, since some initialization
is required for the tvnow() changes.

Prior to this change the monotonic time function used by curl in Windows
was determined at build-time and not runtime. That was a problem because
when curl was built targeted for compatibility with old versions of
Windows (eg _WIN32_WINNT < 0x0600) it would use GetTickCount which wraps
every 49.7 days that Windows has been running.

This change makes curl behave similar to libcurl's tvnow function, which
determines at runtime whether the OS is Vista+ and if so calls
QueryPerformanceCounter instead. (Note QueryPerformanceCounter is used
because it has higher resolution than the more obvious candidate
GetTickCount64). The changes to tvnow are basically a copy and paste but
the types in some cases are different.

Ref: https://github.com/curl/curl/issues/3309

Closes https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/4847

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copyrights: fix copyright year range

.. because checksrc's copyright year check stopped working.

Ref: https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/4547

Closes https://github.com/curl/

copyrights: fix copyright year range

.. because checksrc's copyright year check stopped working.

Ref: https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/4547

Closes https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/4549

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tvnow: silence conversion warnings

MinGW-w64 defaults to targeting Windows 7 now, so GetTickCount64 is
used and the milliseconds are represented as unsigned long long,
leading to a c

tvnow: silence conversion warnings

MinGW-w64 defaults to targeting Windows 7 now, so GetTickCount64 is
used and the milliseconds are represented as unsigned long long,
leading to a compiler warning when implicitly converting them to long.

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Windows: fixes for MinGW targeting Windows Vista

Classic MinGW has neither InitializeCriticalSectionEx nor
GetTickCount64, independent of the target Windows version.

Closes http

Windows: fixes for MinGW targeting Windows Vista

Classic MinGW has neither InitializeCriticalSectionEx nor
GetTickCount64, independent of the target Windows version.

Closes https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/3113

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tool_util: remove unused tvdiff_secs and remove tool_ prefix

Closes #1532

time: fix type conversions and compiler warnings

Fix bugs and compiler warnings on systems with 32-bit long and
64-bit time_t.

Reviewed-by: Daniel Stenberg

Closes #1499

Improve code readbility

... by removing the else branch after a return, break or continue.

Closes #1310

URLs: change all http:// URLs to https://

copyright: Updated the copyright year following recent updates

tool_util.c: Use GetTickCount64 if it is available