tidy-up: rename `CURL_WINDOWS_APP` to `CURL_WINDOWS_UWP`

Rename internal macro to make its purpose more obvious.

After this patch `grep -i uwp` shows all the code related to UWP.

tidy-up: rename `CURL_WINDOWS_APP` to `CURL_WINDOWS_UWP`

Rename internal macro to make its purpose more obvious.

After this patch `grep -i uwp` shows all the code related to UWP.

Ref: https://curl.se/mail/lib-2024-09/0014.html
Closes #14881

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schannel: avoid malloc for CAinfo_blob_digest

...it can just as well be part of the struct always.

Closes #14777

code: language cleanup in comments

Based on the standards and guidelines we use for our documentation.

- expand contractions (they're => they are etc)
- host name = > hostname

code: language cleanup in comments

Based on the standards and guidelines we use for our documentation.

- expand contractions (they're => they are etc)
- host name = > hostname
- file name => filename
- user name = username
- man page => manpage
- run-time => runtime
- set-up => setup
- back-end => backend
- a HTTP => an HTTP
- Two spaces after a period => one space after period

Closes #14073

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lib: xfer_setup and non-blocking shutdown

- clarify Curl_xfer_setup() with RECV/SEND flags and different calls for
which socket they operate on. Add a shutdown flag for secondary

lib: xfer_setup and non-blocking shutdown

- clarify Curl_xfer_setup() with RECV/SEND flags and different calls for
which socket they operate on. Add a shutdown flag for secondary
sockets
- change Curl_xfer_setup() calls to new functions
- implement non-blocking connection shutdown at the end of receiving or
sending a transfer

Closes #13913

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windows: fix UWP builds, add GHA job

Add new job to test building for UWP (aka `CURL_WINDOWS_APP`).

Fix fallouts when building for UWP:
- rand: do not use `BCryptGenRandom()`.

windows: fix UWP builds, add GHA job

Add new job to test building for UWP (aka `CURL_WINDOWS_APP`).

Fix fallouts when building for UWP:
- rand: do not use `BCryptGenRandom()`.
- cmake: disable using win32 LDAP.
- cmake: disable telnet.
- version_win32: fix code before declaration.
- schannel: disable `HAS_MANUAL_VERIFY_API`.
- schannel: disable `SSLSUPP_PINNEDPUBKEY`
and make `schannel_checksum()` a stub.
Ref: e178fbd40a896f2098278ae61e1166c88e7b31d0 #1429
- schannel: make `cert_get_name_string()` a failing stub.
- system_win32: make `Curl_win32_impersonating()` a failing stub.
- system_win32: try to fix `Curl_win32_init()` (untested).
- threads: fix to use `CreateThread()`.
- src: disable searching `PATH` for the CA bundle.
- src: disable bold text support and capability detection.
- src: disable `getfiletime()`/`setfiletime()`.
- tests: make `win32_load_system_library()` a failing stub.
- tests/server/util: make it compile.
- tests/server/sockfilt: make it compile.
- tests/lib3026: fix to use `CreateThread()`.

See individual commits for build error details.

Some of these fixes may have better solutions, and some may not work
as expected. The goal of this patch is to make curl build for UWP.

Closes #13870

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multi: add multi->proto_hash, a key-value store for protocol data

- add `Curl_hash_add2()` that passes a destructor function for
the element added. Call element destructor instead of h

multi: add multi->proto_hash, a key-value store for protocol data

- add `Curl_hash_add2()` that passes a destructor function for
the element added. Call element destructor instead of hash
destructor if present.
- multi: add `proto_hash` for protocol related information,
remove `struct multi_ssl_backend_data`.
- openssl: use multi->proto_hash to keep x509 shared store
- schannel: use multi->proto_hash to keep x509 shared store
- vtls: remove Curl_free_multi_ssl_backend_data() and its
equivalents in the TLS backends

Closes #13345

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appveyor: make VS2010 job build-only, enable Schannel, fix compiler warnings

Tests were consistently flaky for a while.

Also fix compiler warnings in `CertOpenStore()` calls for old

appveyor: make VS2010 job build-only, enable Schannel, fix compiler warnings

Tests were consistently flaky for a while.

Also fix compiler warnings in `CertOpenStore()` calls for old MSVC compilers:
```
C:/projects/curl/lib/vtls/schannel.c(688):
warning C4306: 'type cast' : conversion from 'int' to 'LPCSTR' of greater size
C:/projects/curl/lib/vtls/schannel_verify.c(642):
warning C4306: 'type cast' : conversion from 'int' to 'LPCSTR' of greater size
```
Ref: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/curlorg/curl/builds/49580310/job/ywu2y44kymgc0nif#L106

Closes #13330

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schannel: add CA cache support for files and memory blobs

- Support CA bundle and blob caching.

Cache timeout is 24 hours or can be set via CURLOPT_CA_CACHE_TIMEOUT.

Closes

schannel: add CA cache support for files and memory blobs

- Support CA bundle and blob caching.

Cache timeout is 24 hours or can be set via CURLOPT_CA_CACHE_TIMEOUT.

Closes https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/12261

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mingw: delete support for legacy mingw.org toolchain

Drop support for "old" / "legacy" / "classic" / "v1" / "mingw32" MinGW:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MinGW, https://osdn.net/proje

mingw: delete support for legacy mingw.org toolchain

Drop support for "old" / "legacy" / "classic" / "v1" / "mingw32" MinGW:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MinGW, https://osdn.net/projects/mingw/
Its homepage used to be http://mingw.org/ [no HTTPS], and broken now.
It supported the x86 CPU only and used a old Windows API header and
implib set, often causing issues. It also misses most modern Windows
features, offering old versions of both binutils and gcc (no llvm/clang
support). It was last updated 2 years ago.

curl now relies on toolchains based on the mingw-w64 project:
https://www.mingw-w64.org/ https://sourceforge.net/projects/mingw-w64/
https://www.msys2.org/ https://github.com/msys2/msys2
https://github.com/mstorsjo/llvm-mingw
(Also available via Linux and macOS package managers.)

Closes #11625

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schannel: verify hostname independent of verify cert

Prior to this change when CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER (verifypeer) was off
and CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST (verifyhost) was on we did not verif

schannel: verify hostname independent of verify cert

Prior to this change when CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER (verifypeer) was off
and CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST (verifyhost) was on we did not verify the
hostname in schannel code.

This fixes KNOWN_BUG 2.8 "Schannel disable CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER and
verify hostname". We discussed a fix several years ago in #3285 but it
went stale.

Assisted-by: Daniel Stenberg

Bug: https://curl.haxx.se/mail/lib-2018-10/0113.html
Reported-by: Martin Galvan

Ref: https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/3285

Fixes https://github.com/curl/curl/issues/3284
Closes https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/10056

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cmake: add support for "unity" builds

Aka "jumbo" or "amalgamation" builds. It means to compile all sources
per target as a single C source. This is experimental.

You can enable

cmake: add support for "unity" builds

Aka "jumbo" or "amalgamation" builds. It means to compile all sources
per target as a single C source. This is experimental.

You can enable it by passing `-DCMAKE_UNITY_BUILD=ON` to cmake.
It requires CMake 3.16 or newer.

It makes builds (much) faster, allows for better optimizations and tends
to promote less ambiguous code.

Also add a new AppVeyor CI job and convert an existing one to use
"unity" mode (one MSVC, one MinGW), and enable it for one macOS CI job.

Fix related issues:
- add missing include guard to `easy_lock.h`.
- rename static variables and functions (and a macro) with names reused
across sources, or shadowed by local variables.
- add an `#undef` after use.
- add a missing `#undef` before use.
- move internal definitions from `ftp.h` to `ftp.c`.
- `curl_memory.h` fixes to make it work when included repeatedly.
- stop building/linking curlx bits twice for a static-mode curl tool.
These caused doubly defined symbols in unity builds.
- silence missing extern declarations compiler warning for ` _CRT_glob`.
- fix extern declarations for `tool_freq` and `tool_isVistaOrGreater`.
- fix colliding static symbols in debug mode: `debugtime()` and
`statename`.
- rename `ssl_backend_data` structure to unique names for each
TLS-backend, along with the `ssl_connect_data` struct member
referencing them. This required adding casts for each access.
- add workaround for missing `[P]UNICODE_STRING` types in certain Windows
builds when compiling `lib/ldap.c`. To support "unity" builds, we had
to enable `SCHANNEL_USE_BLACKLISTS` for Schannel (a Windows
`schannel.h` option) _globally_. This caused an indirect inclusion of
Windows `schannel.h` from `ldap.c` via `winldap.h` to have it enabled
as well. This requires `[P]UNICODE_STRING` types, which is apperantly
not defined automatically (as seen with both MSVS and mingw-w64).
This patch includes `<subauth.h>` to fix it.
Ref: https://github.com/curl/curl/runs/13987772013
Ref: https://dev.azure.com/daniel0244/curl/_build/results?buildId=15827&view=logs&jobId=2c9f582d-e278-56b6-4354-f38a4d851906&j=2c9f582d-e278-56b6-4354-f38a4d851906&t=90509b00-34fa-5a81-35d7-5ed9569d331c
- tweak unity builds to compile `lib/memdebug.c` separately in memory
trace builds to avoid PP confusion.
- force-disable unity for test programs.
- do not compile and link libcurl sources to libtests _twice_ when libcurl
is built in static mode.

KNOWN ISSUES:
- running tests with unity builds may fail in cases.
- some build configurations/env may not compile in unity mode. E.g.:
https://ci.appveyor.com/project/curlorg/curl/builds/47230972/job/51wfesgnfuauwl8q#L250

Ref: https://github.com/libssh2/libssh2/issues/1034
Ref: https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/prop_tgt/UNITY_BUILD.html
Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_build

Closes #11095

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