Fix GH-11274: POST/PATCH request via file_get_contents + stream_context_create switches to GET after a HTTP 308 redirect

RFC 7231 states that status code 307 should keep the POST method upon

Fix GH-11274: POST/PATCH request via file_get_contents + stream_context_create switches to GET after a HTTP 308 redirect

RFC 7231 states that status code 307 should keep the POST method upon
redirect. RFC 7538 does the same for code 308. Although it's not
mandated by the RFCs that PATCH is also kept (we can choose), it seems
like keeping PATCH will be the most consistent and understandable behaviour.

This patch also changes an existing test because it was testing for the
wrong behaviour.

Closes GH-11275.

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