Merge branch 'PHP-8.1' into PHP-8.2

* PHP-8.1:
Fix undefined behaviour in GENERATE_SEED()
Fix undefined behaviour when writing 32-bit values in phar/tar.c

random: Add missing `php.h` include to php_random.h (#10764)

`PHPAPI` is defined in `php.h`. It appears that without the explicit include,
recent versions of Visual Studio Code’s intelli

random: Add missing `php.h` include to php_random.h (#10764)

`PHPAPI` is defined in `php.h`. It appears that without the explicit include,
recent versions of Visual Studio Code’s intellisense (rightfully) no longer
detect `PHPAPI`. This will then lead to a misparsing of the file, because
`PHPAPI` is assumed to be the return type and the actual return type is assumed
to be the function name, thus expecting a semicolon after the actual return
type. This in turn colors the entire header in red due to the detected syntax
error(s), making development very hard / impossible.

This did not cause issues outside of the IDE use case, because apparently all
users of `php_random.h` include `php.h` before including `php_random.h`.

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[ci skip] Trim trailing whitespace in php_random.h

declare random globals as public API

Add ext/random Exception hierarchy (#9220)

* Add Random\Random{Error,Exception} and Random\BrokenRandomEngineError

* Throw BrokenRandomEngineError

* Throw RandomException o

Add ext/random Exception hierarchy (#9220)

* Add Random\Random{Error,Exception} and Random\BrokenRandomEngineError

* Throw BrokenRandomEngineError

* Throw RandomException on seeding failure

* Throw RandomException when CSPRNG fails

* Remove unused include from ext/random/engine_combinedlcg.c

* Remove unused include from ext/random/engine_secure.c

* Remove unused include from ext/random/random.c

* [ci skip] Add ext/random Exception hierarchy to NEWS

* [ci skip] Add the change of Exception for random_(int|bytes) to UPGRADING

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Remove `->last_unsafe` from php_random_status (#9132)

Whenever ->last_unsafe is set to `true` an exception has been thrown. Thus we
can replace the check for `->last_unsafe` with a check

Remove `->last_unsafe` from php_random_status (#9132)

Whenever ->last_unsafe is set to `true` an exception has been thrown. Thus we
can replace the check for `->last_unsafe` with a check for `EG(exception)`
which is a much more natural way to ommunicate an error up the chain.

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Avoid signed integer overflow in php_random_range() (#9066)

[ci skip] Update EXTENSIONS and Author(s) in ext/random (#9074)

php.net account is better suited for this cases.

Implement Random Extension

https://wiki.php.net/rfc/rng_extension
https://wiki.php.net/rfc/random_extension_improvement