lib/src: white space edits to comply better with code style

... as checksrc now finds and complains about these.

Closes #14921

src: fix potential macro confusion in cmake unity builds

Sources used `lib/curlx.h` with both `ENABLE_CURLX_PRINTF` set and unset
before including it.

In a cmake "unity" batch w

src: fix potential macro confusion in cmake unity builds

Sources used `lib/curlx.h` with both `ENABLE_CURLX_PRINTF` set and unset
before including it.

In a cmake "unity" batch where the first included source had it unset,
the next sources did not get the macros requested with
`ENABLE_CURLX_PRINTF` because `lib/curl.x` had already been included
without them.

Fix it by by making the macros enabled permanently and globally for
internal sources, and dropping `ENABLE_CURLX_PRINTF`.

This came up while testing unity builds with smaller batches. The full,
default unity build where all `src` is bundled up in a single unit, was
not affected.

Fixes:
```
$ cmake -B build -DCMAKE_UNITY_BUILD=ON -DCMAKE_UNITY_BUILD_BATCH_SIZE=15
$ make -C build
...
curl/src/tool_getparam.c: In function ‘getparameter’:
curl/src/tool_getparam.c:2409:11: error: implicit declaration of function ‘msnprintf’; did you mean ‘vsnprintf’? [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
2409 | msnprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%" CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T "-",
| ^~~~~~~~~
| vsnprintf
curl/src/tool_getparam.c:2409:11: warning: nested extern declaration of ‘msnprintf’ [-Wnested-externs]
[...]
```

Reported-by: Daniel Stenberg
Bug: https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/14626#issuecomment-2301663491

Closes #14632

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curl: fix the -w urle.* variables

urle.scheme, urle.user, urle.password and urle.options mistakenly
operated on the original URL instead of the *effective* (last) URL.

Add test

curl: fix the -w urle.* variables

urle.scheme, urle.user, urle.password and urle.options mistakenly
operated on the original URL instead of the *effective* (last) URL.

Add test 474 to verify.

Reported-by: Gruber Glass
Fixes #14550
Closes #14560

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getinfo: add CURLINFO_POSTTRANSFER_TIME_T

Returns the time, in microseconds, from the start until the last byte is
sent by libcurl (i.e. the request is sent off).

Closes #14189

code: language cleanup in comments

Based on the standards and guidelines we use for our documentation.

- expand contractions (they're => they are etc)
- host name = > hostname

code: language cleanup in comments

Based on the standards and guidelines we use for our documentation.

- expand contractions (they're => they are etc)
- host name = > hostname
- file name => filename
- user name = username
- man page => manpage
- run-time => runtime
- set-up => setup
- back-end => backend
- a HTTP => an HTTP
- Two spaces after a period => one space after period

Closes #14073

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curl: support -w '%{num_retries}

Suggested-by: Jay Guerette
Ref: https://github.com/curl/curl/discussions/13901
Closes #13910

tool_writeout: get certinfo only when needing it

Removes a fairly expensive libcurl call when not necessary

Closes #13914

tool_writeout: bsearch the variable name

As the list of variable names grows, doing a simple loop to find the
name get increasingly worse. This switches to a bsearch.

Also: do a

tool_writeout: bsearch the variable name

As the list of variable names grows, doing a simple loop to find the
name get increasingly worse. This switches to a bsearch.

Also: do a case sensitive check for the variable name. The names have
not been documented to be case insensitive and there is no point in
having them so.

Closes #13914

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src: tidy up types, add necessary casts

Cherry-picked from #13489
Closes #13614

write-out: add '%{proxy_used}'

Returns 1 if the previous transfer used a proxy, otherwise 0. Useful to
for example determine if a `NOPROXY` pattern matched the hostname or
not.

write-out: add '%{proxy_used}'

Returns 1 if the previous transfer used a proxy, otherwise 0. Useful to
for example determine if a `NOPROXY` pattern matched the hostname or
not.

Extended test 970 and 972

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tool: use our own stderr variable

Earlier this year we changed our own stderr variable to use the standard
name `stderr` (to avoid bugs where someone is using `stderr` instead of
the

tool: use our own stderr variable

Earlier this year we changed our own stderr variable to use the standard
name `stderr` (to avoid bugs where someone is using `stderr` instead of
the curl-tool specific variable). This solution needed to override the
standard `stderr` symbol via the preprocessor. This in turn didn't play
well with unity builds and caused curl tool to crash or stay silent due
to an uninitialized stderr. This was a hard to find issue, fixed by
manually breaking out one file from the unity sources.

To avoid two these two tricks, this patch implements a different
solution: Restore using our own local variable for our stderr output and
leave `stderr` as-is. To avoid using `stderr` by mistake, add a
`checksrc` rule (based on logic we already used in lib for `strerror`)
that detects any `stderr` use in `src` and points to using our own
variable instead: `tool_stderr`.

Follow-up to 06133d3e9b8aeb9e9ca0b3370c246bdfbfc8619e
Follow-up to 2f17a9b654121dd1ecf4fc043c6d08a9da3522db

Closes #11958

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curl: make %output{} in -w specify a file to write to

It can be used multiple times. Use %output{>>name} to append.

Add docs. Test 990 and 991 verify.

Idea: #11400
Sugg

curl: make %output{} in -w specify a file to write to

It can be used multiple times. Use %output{>>name} to append.

Add docs. Test 990 and 991 verify.

Idea: #11400
Suggested-by: ed0d2b2ce19451f2
Closes #11416

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lib: add CURLINFO_CONN_ID and CURLINFO_XFER_ID

- add an `id` long to Curl_easy, -1 on init
- once added to a multi (or its own multi), it gets
a non-negative number assigned by the

lib: add CURLINFO_CONN_ID and CURLINFO_XFER_ID

- add an `id` long to Curl_easy, -1 on init
- once added to a multi (or its own multi), it gets
a non-negative number assigned by the connection cache
- `id` is unique among all transfers using the same
cache until reaching LONG_MAX where it will wrap
around. So, not unique eternally.
- CURLINFO_CONN_ID returns the connection id attached to
data or, if none present, data->state.lastconnect_id
- variables and type declared in tool for write out

Closes #11185

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tool_writeout: add URL component variables

Output specific components from the used URL. The following variables
are added for this purpose:

url.scheme, url.user, url.password

tool_writeout: add URL component variables

Output specific components from the used URL. The following variables
are added for this purpose:

url.scheme, url.user, url.password, url.options, url.host, url.port,
url.path, url.query, url.fragment, url.zoneid

Add the following for outputting parts of the "effective URL":

urle.scheme, urle.user, urle.password, urle.options, urle.host, urle.port,
urle.path, urle.query, urle.fragment, urle.zoneid

Added test 423 and 424 to verify.

Closes #10853

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tool: improve --stderr handling

- freopen stderr with the user-specified file (--stderr file) instead of
using a separate 'errors' stream.

- In tool_setup.h override stdio.h's

tool: improve --stderr handling

- freopen stderr with the user-specified file (--stderr file) instead of
using a separate 'errors' stream.

- In tool_setup.h override stdio.h's stderr macro as global variable
tool_stderr.

Both freopen and overriding the stderr macro are necessary because if
the user-specified filename is "-" then stdout is assigned to
tool_stderr and no freopen takes place. See the PR for more information.

Ref: https://github.com/curl/curl/issues/10491

Closes https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/10673

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curl: make -w's %{stderr} use the file set with --stderr

Reported-by: u20221022 on github
Fixes #10491
Closes #10569

copyright: update all copyright lines and remove year ranges

- they are mostly pointless in all major jurisdictions
- many big corporations and projects already don't use them
- save

copyright: update all copyright lines and remove year ranges

- they are mostly pointless in all major jurisdictions
- many big corporations and projects already don't use them
- saves us from pointless churn
- git keeps history for us
- the year range is kept in COPYING

checksrc is updated to allow non-year using copyright statements

Closes #10205

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writeout: add %{certs} and %{num_certs}

Let users get the server certificate chain using the command line

Closes #10019

tool_operate: reduce errorbuffer allocs

- parallel transfers: only alloc and keep errorbuffers in memory for
actual "live" transfers and not for the ones in the pending queue

tool_operate: reduce errorbuffer allocs

- parallel transfers: only alloc and keep errorbuffers in memory for
actual "live" transfers and not for the ones in the pending queue

- serial transfers: reuse the same fixed buffer for all transfers, not
allocated at all.

Closes #9394

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tool_writeout: fix enumerated type mixed with another type

Closes #9179

curl: writeout: fix repeated header outputs

The function stored a terminating zero into the buffer for convenience,
but when on repeated calls that would cause problems. Starting now, th

curl: writeout: fix repeated header outputs

The function stored a terminating zero into the buffer for convenience,
but when on repeated calls that would cause problems. Starting now, the
passed in buffer is not modified.

Reported-by: highmtworks on github
Fixes #9150
Closes #9152

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copyright: make repository REUSE compliant

Add licensing and copyright information for all files in this repository. This
either happens in the file itself as a comment header or in the

copyright: make repository REUSE compliant

Add licensing and copyright information for all files in this repository. This
either happens in the file itself as a comment header or in the file
`.reuse/dep5`.

This commit also adds a Github workflow to check pull requests and adapts
copyright.pl to the changes.

Closes #8869

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curl/header_json: output the header names in lowercase

To better allow json[“header”].

Reported-by: Peter Korsgaard
Bug: https://daniel.haxx.se/blog/2022/03/24/easier-header-pic

curl/header_json: output the header names in lowercase

To better allow json[“header”].

Reported-by: Peter Korsgaard
Bug: https://daniel.haxx.se/blog/2022/03/24/easier-header-picking-with-curl/comment-page-1/#comment-25878
Closes #8633

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curl: add %{header_json} support in -w handling

Outputs all response headers as a JSON object.

curl: add %header{name} support in -w handling

Outputs the response header 'name'