Fix GH-11078: PHP Fatal error triggers pointer being freed was not allocated and malloc: double free for ptr errors

Although the issue was demonstrated using Curl, the issue is purely in

Fix GH-11078: PHP Fatal error triggers pointer being freed was not allocated and malloc: double free for ptr errors

Although the issue was demonstrated using Curl, the issue is purely in
the streams layer of PHP.

Full analysis is written in GH-11078 [1], but here is the brief version:
Here's what actually happens:
1) We're creating a FILE handle from a stream using the casting mechanism.
This will create a cookie-based FILE handle using funopen.
2) We're reading stream data using fread from the userspace stream. This will
temporarily set a buffer into a field _bf.base [2]. This buffer is now equal
to the upload buffer that Curl allocated and note that that buffer is owned
by Curl.
3) The fatal error occurs and we bail out from the fread function, notice how
the reset code is never executed and so the buffer will still point to
Curl's upload buffer instead of FILE's own buffer [3].
4) The resources are destroyed, this includes our opened stream and because the
FILE handle is cached, it gets destroyed as well.
In fact, the stream code calls through fclose on purpose in this case.
5) The fclose code frees the _bs.base buffer [4].
However, this is not the buffer that FILE owns but the one that Curl owns
because it isn't reset properly due to the bailout!
6) The objects are getting destroyed, and so the curl free logic is invoked.
When Curl tries to gracefully clean up, it tries to free the buffer.
But that buffer is actually already freed mistakingly by the C library!

This also explains why we can't reproduce it on Linux: this bizarre buffer
swapping only happens on macOS and BSD, not on Linux.

To solve this, we switch to an unbuffered mode for cookie-based FILEs.
This avoids any stateful problems related to buffers especially when the
bailout mechanism triggers. As streams have their own buffering
mechanism, I don't expect this to impact performance.

[1] https://github.com/php/php-src/issues/11078#issuecomment-2155616843
[2] https://github.com/apple-open-source-mirror/Libc/blob/5e566be7a7047360adfb35ffc44c6a019a854bea/stdio/FreeBSD/fread.c#L102-L103
[3] https://github.com/apple-open-source-mirror/Libc/blob/5e566be7a7047360adfb35ffc44c6a019a854bea/stdio/FreeBSD/fread.c#L117
[4] https://github.com/apple-open-source-mirror/Libc/blob/5e566be7a7047360adfb35ffc44c6a019a854bea/stdio/FreeBSD/fclose.c#L66-L67

Closes GH-14524.

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Fix cookie_seek_function_t signature under musl (#13890)

Fixes GH-11678

Remove _IO_cookie_io_functions_t in favor of cookie_io_functions_t

As noted in glibc, the cookie_io_functions_t should be used instead of
internal _IO_cookie_io_functions_t.

The

Remove _IO_cookie_io_functions_t in favor of cookie_io_functions_t

As noted in glibc, the cookie_io_functions_t should be used instead of
internal _IO_cookie_io_functions_t.

The _IO_cookie_io_functions_t was once used as a convenience for not
having the cookie_io_functions_t available (glibc <=2.1.1) as noted in
67bb9d1ae23fe4c7e4160dabfb4f07b51dccabf1.

Check in the build system was also always setting the
COOKIE_IO_FUNCTIONS_T to cookie_io_functions_t due to a typo. There is
unused variable have_IO_cookie_io_functions_t vs.
have_cookie_io_functions_t.

- COOKIE_IO_FUNCTIONS_T removed

Closes GH-12236

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Use memrchr() when available

On x86_64 glibc memrchr() uses SSE/AVX CPU extensions and works much
faster then naive loop. On x86 32-bit we still use inlined version.

memrchr() i

Use memrchr() when available

On x86_64 glibc memrchr() uses SSE/AVX CPU extensions and works much
faster then naive loop. On x86 32-bit we still use inlined version.

memrchr() is a GNU extension. Its prototype becomes available when
<string.h> is included with defined _GNU_SOURCE macro. Previously, we
defined it in "php_config.h", but some sources may include <string.h>
befire it. To avod mess we also pass -D_GNU_SOURCE to C compiler.

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Fix #81475: stream_isatty emits warning with attached stream wrapper

We must not issue warnings, if `show_err` is false.

Closes GH-7513.

Update http->https in license (#6945)

1. Update: http://www.php.net/license/3_01.txt to https, as there is anyway server header "Location:" to https.
2. Update few license 3.0 to 3.01 as

Update http->https in license (#6945)

1. Update: http://www.php.net/license/3_01.txt to https, as there is anyway server header "Location:" to https.
2. Update few license 3.0 to 3.01 as 3.0 states "php 5.1.1, 4.1.1, and earlier".
3. In some license comments is "at through the world-wide-web" while most is without "at", so deleted.
4. fixed indentation in some files before |

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Use standard types in fopencookie test

Instead of internal __size_t / __off64_t types use ssize_t and off64_t.
This makes it work on musl as well.

Use standard types in fopencookie test

Instead of internal __size_t / __off64_t types use ssize_t and off64_t.
This makes it work on musl as well.

Make error messages more consistent by fixing capitalization

Closes GH-5066 As a first step, let's capitalize their initial letter when it is applicable.

Remove mention of PHP major version in Copyright headers

Closes GH-4732.

Fix use-after-free in stream freeing during shutdown

Streams will be freed in an unpredictable order during shutdown.
Ignore explicit calls to php_stream_close() entirely to avoid
us

Fix use-after-free in stream freeing during shutdown

Streams will be freed in an unpredictable order during shutdown.
Ignore explicit calls to php_stream_close() entirely to avoid
use-after-free -- instead let the stream resource destructor
deal with it. We have to account for a few special cases:

* Enclosed streams should be freed, as the resource destructor
will forward to the enclosing stream.
* Stream cookies also directly free streams, because we delegate
to the cookie destruction if one exists.
* Mysqlnd also directly frees streams, because it explicitly
removes stream resources (because mysqlnd!)

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Remove local variables

This patch removes the so called local variables defined per
file basis for certain editors to properly show tab width, and
similar settings. These are mainly

Remove local variables

This patch removes the so called local variables defined per
file basis for certain editors to properly show tab width, and
similar settings. These are mainly used by Vim and Emacs editors
yet with recent changes the once working definitions don't work
anymore in Vim without custom plugins or additional configuration.
Neither are these settings synced across the PHP code base.

A simpler and better approach is EditorConfig and fixing code
using some code style fixing tools in the future instead.

This patch also removes the so called modelines for Vim. Modelines
allow Vim editor specifically to set some editor configuration such as
syntax highlighting, indentation style and tab width to be set in the
first line or the last 5 lines per file basis. Since the php test
files have syntax highlighting already set in most editors properly and
EditorConfig takes care of the indentation settings, this patch removes
these as well for the Vim 6.0 and newer versions.

With the removal of local variables for certain editors such as
Emacs and Vim, the footer is also probably not needed anymore when
creating extensions using ext_skel.php script.

Additionally, Vim modelines for setting php syntax and some editor
settings has been removed from some *.phpt files. All these are
mostly not relevant for phpt files neither work properly in the
middle of the file.

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Remove yearly range from copyright notice

Remove year range from copyright notice

Remove unused Git attributes ident

The $Id$ keywords were used in Subversion where they can be substituted
with filename, last revision number change, last changed date, and last
use

Remove unused Git attributes ident

The $Id$ keywords were used in Subversion where they can be substituted
with filename, last revision number change, last changed date, and last
user who changed it.

In Git this functionality is different and can be done with Git attribute
ident. These need to be defined manually for each file in the
.gitattributes file and are afterwards replaced with 40-character
hexadecimal blob object name which is based only on the particular file
contents.

This patch simplifies handling of $Id$ keywords by removing them since
they are not used anymore.

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Use zend_string_release_ex() instread of zend_string_release() in places, where we sure about string persistence.

year++

year++

year++

Update copyright headers to 2017

Update copyright headers to 2017

Update copyright headers to 2017

Happy new year (Update copyright to 2016)

Fix undeclared identifier 'PHP_STREAM_KEEP_RSRC'

Identifier named `PHP_STREAM_FREE_KEEP_RSRC` but use `PHP_STREAM_KEEP_RSRC`

Reference Line 131

Fixed bug #68887 (resources are not freed correctly)