libssh2: use the Curl_* memory functions to avoid memdebug

This prevents our torture tests from detecting and getting trapped by
memory leaks in libssh2.

Closes #14984

lib/src: white space edits to comply better with code style

... as checksrc now finds and complains about these.

Closes #14921

lib, src, tests: added space around ternary expressions

Closes #14912

lib: use FMT_ as prefix instead of CURL_FORMAT_

For printf format defines used internally. Makes the code slighly
easier to read.

Closes #14764

ssh: deduplicate SSH backend includes (and fix libssh cmake unity build)

For libssh, it fixes a "unity" build issue where libssh deprecation
warnings were not suppressed before this patc

ssh: deduplicate SSH backend includes (and fix libssh cmake unity build)

For libssh, it fixes a "unity" build issue where libssh deprecation
warnings were not suppressed before this patch, because the suppression
macro was only set before just one of the two `libssh.h` includes.
If the other was compiled first in unity mode, the warnings appeared.

Seen in local curl-for-win build (`CW_CONFIG=test-x64-libssh-quictls`)
with libssh 0.11.0. (Also in a GHA/macos cmake job upcoming in #14614)

Use this opportunity to drop duplicate SSH header includes from the SSH
modules. It's enough to include them via the common `ssh.h` header.

Closes #14612

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tidy-up: OS names

Use these words and casing more consistently across text, comments and
one curl tool output:
AIX, ALPN, ANSI, BSD, Cygwin, Darwin, FreeBSD, GitHub, HP-UX, Linux,

tidy-up: OS names

Use these words and casing more consistently across text, comments and
one curl tool output:
AIX, ALPN, ANSI, BSD, Cygwin, Darwin, FreeBSD, GitHub, HP-UX, Linux,
macOS, MS-DOS, MSYS, MinGW, NTLM, POSIX, Solaris, UNIX, Unix, Unicode,
WINE, WebDAV, Win32, winbind, WinIDN, Windows, Windows CE, Winsock.

Mostly OS names and a few more.

Also a couple of other minor text fixups.

Closes #14360

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lib: add eos flag to send methods

Adds a `bool eos` flag to send methods to indicate that the data
is the last chunk the invovled transfer wants to send to the server.

This will

lib: add eos flag to send methods

Adds a `bool eos` flag to send methods to indicate that the data
is the last chunk the invovled transfer wants to send to the server.

This will help protocol filters like HTTP/2 and 3 to forward the
stream's EOF flag and also allow to EAGAIN such calls when buffers
are not yet fully flushed.

Closes #14220

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Revert "lib: send eos flag"

This reverts commit be93299f10ef0b2bf7fe5c82140120073831867a.

lib: send eos flag

Adds a `bool eos` flag to send methods to indicate that the data is the
last chunk the invovled transfer wants to send to the server.

This will help protocol

lib: send eos flag

Adds a `bool eos` flag to send methods to indicate that the data is the
last chunk the invovled transfer wants to send to the server.

This will help protocol filters like HTTP/2 and 3 to forward the
stream's EOF flag and also allow to EAGAIN such calls when buffers are
not yet fully flushed.

Closes #14220

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code: language cleanup in comments

Based on the standards and guidelines we use for our documentation.

- expand contractions (they're => they are etc)
- host name = > hostname

code: language cleanup in comments

Based on the standards and guidelines we use for our documentation.

- expand contractions (they're => they are etc)
- host name = > hostname
- file name => filename
- user name = username
- man page => manpage
- run-time => runtime
- set-up => setup
- back-end => backend
- a HTTP => an HTTP
- Two spaces after a period => one space after period

Closes #14073

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lib: xfer_setup and non-blocking shutdown

- clarify Curl_xfer_setup() with RECV/SEND flags and different calls for
which socket they operate on. Add a shutdown flag for secondary

lib: xfer_setup and non-blocking shutdown

- clarify Curl_xfer_setup() with RECV/SEND flags and different calls for
which socket they operate on. Add a shutdown flag for secondary
sockets
- change Curl_xfer_setup() calls to new functions
- implement non-blocking connection shutdown at the end of receiving or
sending a transfer

Closes #13913

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lib/v*: tidy up types and casts

Also add a couple of negative checks.

Cherry-picked from #13489
Closes #13622

libssh2: delete redundant feature guard

Delete `HAVE_LIBSSH2_VERSION` (equivalent to
`LIBSSH2_VERSION_NUM` > 0x010100) guard surrounding
a `LIBSSH2_VERSION_NUM` > 0x010B00 one.

libssh2: delete redundant feature guard

Delete `HAVE_LIBSSH2_VERSION` (equivalent to
`LIBSSH2_VERSION_NUM` > 0x010100) guard surrounding
a `LIBSSH2_VERSION_NUM` > 0x010B00 one.

Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson
Closes #13537

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libssh2: replace `access()` with `stat()`

Prefer `stat()` to verify the presence of key files.

This drops the last uses of `access()` in the codebase, which was
reported to caus

libssh2: replace `access()` with `stat()`

Prefer `stat()` to verify the presence of key files.

This drops the last uses of `access()` in the codebase, which was
reported to cause issues in some cases.

Also add `access()` to the list of banned functions in checksrc.

Ref: https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/13412#issuecomment-2065505415
Ref: https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/13482#issuecomment-2078980522
Ref: #13497
Co-authored-by: Jay Satiro
Closes #13498

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lib: add Curl_xfer_write_resp_hd

Add method in protocol handlers to allow writing of a single,
0-terminated header line. Avoids parsing and copying these lines.

Closes #13165

libssh2: set length to 0 if strdup failed

Internally, libssh2 dereferences the NULL pointer if length is non-zero.
The callback function cannot return the error condition, so at least

libssh2: set length to 0 if strdup failed

Internally, libssh2 dereferences the NULL pointer if length is non-zero.
The callback function cannot return the error condition, so at least
prevent subsequent crash.

Closes #13213

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lib: client reader polish

- seek_func/seek_client, use transfer values only
- remove copies held in `struct connectdata`, use only
ever `data->set.seek_func`
- reso

lib: client reader polish

- seek_func/seek_client, use transfer values only
- remove copies held in `struct connectdata`, use only
ever `data->set.seek_func`
- resolves possible issues in multiuse connections
- new mime post reader eliminates need to ever overwriting this

- websockets, remove empty Curl_ws_done() function

Closes #13079

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misc: Fix typos in docs and lib

This fixes miscellaneous typos and duplicated words in the docs, lib
and test comments and a few user facing errorstrings.

Author: RainRat on Git

misc: Fix typos in docs and lib

This fixes miscellaneous typos and duplicated words in the docs, lib
and test comments and a few user facing errorstrings.

Author: RainRat on Github
Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se>
Reviewed-by: Dan Fandrich <dan@coneharvesters.com>
Closes: #13019

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lib: Curl_read/Curl_write clarifications

- replace `Curl_read()`, `Curl_write()` and `Curl_nwrite()` to
clarify when and at what level they operate
- send/recv of transfer related

lib: Curl_read/Curl_write clarifications

- replace `Curl_read()`, `Curl_write()` and `Curl_nwrite()` to
clarify when and at what level they operate
- send/recv of transfer related data is now done via
`Curl_xfer_send()/Curl_xfer_recv()` which no longer has
socket/socketindex as parameter. It decides on the transfer
setup of `conn->sockfd` and `conn->writesockfd` on which
connection filter chain to operate.
- send/recv on a specific connection filter chain is done via
`Curl_conn_send()/Curl_conn_recv()` which get the socket index
as parameter.
- rename `Curl_setup_transfer()` to `Curl_xfer_setup()` for
naming consistency
- clarify that the special CURLE_AGAIN hangling to return
`CURLE_OK` with length 0 only applies to `Curl_xfer_send()`
and CURLE_AGAIN is returned by all other send() variants.
- fix a bug in websocket `curl_ws_recv()` that mixed up data
when it arrived in more than a single chunk

The method for sending not just raw bytes, but bytes that are either
"headers" or "body". The send abstraction stack, to to bottom, now is:

* `Curl_req_send()`: has parameter to indicate amount of header bytes,
buffers all data.
* `Curl_xfer_send()`: knows on which socket index to send, returns
amount of bytes sent.
* `Curl_conn_send()`: called with socket index, returns amount of bytes
sent.

In addition there is `Curl_req_flush()` for writing out all buffered
bytes.

`Curl_req_send()` is active for requests without body,
`Curl_buffer_send()` still being used for others. This is because the
special quirks need to be addressed in future parts:

* `expect-100` handling
* `Curl_fillreadbuffer()` needs to add directly to the new
`data->req.sendbuf`
* special body handlings, like `chunked` encodings and line end
conversions will be moved into something like a Client Reader.

In functions of the pattern `CURLcode xxx_send(..., ssize_t *written)`,
replace the `ssize_t` with a `size_t`. It makes no sense to allow for negative
values as the returned `CURLcode` already specifies error conditions. This
allows easier handling of lengths without casting.

Closes #12964

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lib: send rework

Curl_read/Curl_write clarifications

- replace `Curl_read()`, `Curl_write()` and `Curl_nwrite()` to 1clarify
when and at what level they operate

- sen

lib: send rework

Curl_read/Curl_write clarifications

- replace `Curl_read()`, `Curl_write()` and `Curl_nwrite()` to 1clarify
when and at what level they operate

- send/recv of transfer related data is now done via
`Curl_xfer_send()/Curl_xfer_recv()` which no longer has
socket/socketindex as parameter. It decides on the transfer setup of
`conn->sockfd` and `conn->writesockfd` on which connection filter
chain to operate.

- send/recv on a specific connection filter chain is done via
`Curl_conn_send()/Curl_conn_recv()` which get the socket index as
parameter.

- rename `Curl_setup_transfer()` to `Curl_xfer_setup()` for naming
consistency

- clarify that the special CURLE_AGAIN handling to return `CURLE_OK`
with length 0 only applies to `Curl_xfer_send()` and CURLE_AGAIN is
returned by all other send() variants.

SingleRequest reshuffling

- move functions into request.[ch]
- differentiate between reset and free
- add Curl_req_done() to perform last actions
- add a send `bufq` to SingleRequest for future use in keeping upload data

Closes #12963

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libssh/libssh2: return error on too big range

If trying to get the range 0 - 2^63 and the remote file is 2^63 bytes or
larger.

Fixes #12983
Closes #12984

ssh: use stack scratch buffer for seeks

- instead of data->state.buffer

Closes #12794

libssh2: use `libssh2_session_callback_set2()` with v1.11.1

To avoid a local hack to pass function pointers and to avoid
deprecation warnings when building with libssh2 v1.11.1 or newer:

libssh2: use `libssh2_session_callback_set2()` with v1.11.1

To avoid a local hack to pass function pointers and to avoid
deprecation warnings when building with libssh2 v1.11.1 or newer:
```
lib/vssh/libssh2.c:3324:5: warning: 'libssh2_session_callback_set' is deprecated: since libssh2 1.11.1. Use libssh2_session_callback_set2() [-Wdeprecated-declarations]
lib/vssh/libssh2.c:3326:5: warning: 'libssh2_session_callback_set' is deprecated: since libssh2 1.11.1. Use libssh2_session_callback_set2() [-Wdeprecated-declarations]
```
Ref: https://github.com/curl/curl-for-win/actions/runs/7609484879/job/20720821100#step:3:4982

Ref: https://github.com/libssh2/libssh2/pull/1285
Ref: https://github.com/libssh2/libssh2/commit/c0f69548be902147ce014ffa40b8db3cf1d4b0b4
Reviewed-by: Daniel Stenberg
Closes #12754

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lib: replace readwrite with write_resp

This clarifies the handling of server responses by folding the code for
the complicated protocols into their protocol handlers. This concerns
m

lib: replace readwrite with write_resp

This clarifies the handling of server responses by folding the code for
the complicated protocols into their protocol handlers. This concerns
mainly HTTP and its bastard sibling RTSP.

The terms "read" and "write" are often used without clear context if
they refer to the connect or the client/application side of a
transfer. This PR uses "read/write" for operations on the client side
and "send/receive" for the connection, e.g. server side. If this is
considered useful, we can revisit renaming of further methods in another
PR.

Curl's protocol handler `readwrite()` method been changed:

```diff
- CURLcode (*readwrite)(struct Curl_easy *data, struct connectdata *conn,
- const char *buf, size_t blen,
- size_t *pconsumed, bool *readmore);
+ CURLcode (*write_resp)(struct Curl_easy *data, const char *buf, size_t blen,
+ bool is_eos, bool *done);
```

The name was changed to clarify that this writes reponse data to the
client side. The parameter changes are:

* `conn` removed as it always operates on `data->conn`
* `pconsumed` removed as the method needs to handle all data on success
* `readmore` removed as no longer necessary
* `is_eos` as indicator that this is the last call for the transfer
response (end-of-stream).
* `done` TRUE on return iff the transfer response is to be treated as
finished

This change affects many files only because of updated comments in
handlers that provide no implementation. The real change is that the
HTTP protocol handlers now provide an implementation.

The HTTP protocol handlers `write_resp()` implementation will get passed
**all** raw data of a server response for the transfer. The HTTP/1.x
formatted status and headers, as well as the undecoded response
body. `Curl_http_write_resp_hds()` is used internally to parse the
response headers and pass them on. This method is public as the RTSP
protocol handler also uses it.

HTTP/1.1 "chunked" transport encoding is now part of the general
*content encoding* writer stack, just like other encodings. A new flag
`CLIENTWRITE_EOS` was added for the last client write. This allows
writers to verify that they are in a valid end state. The chunked
decoder will check if it indeed has seen the last chunk.

The general response handling in `transfer.c:466` happens in function
`readwrite_data()`. This mainly operates now like:

```
static CURLcode readwrite_data(data, ...)
{
do {
Curl_xfer_recv_resp(data, buf)
...
Curl_xfer_write_resp(data, buf)
...
} while(interested);
...
}
```

All the response data handling is implemented in
`Curl_xfer_write_resp()`. It calls the protocol handler's `write_resp()`
implementation if available, or does the default behaviour.

All raw response data needs to pass through this function. Which also
means that anyone in possession of such data may call
`Curl_xfer_write_resp()`.

Closes #12480

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ssh: fix namespace of two local macros

Avoid using the libssh and libssh2 macro namespaces by prefixing
these local macro names with `CURL_`.

Follow-up to 413a0fedd02c8c6df1d294

ssh: fix namespace of two local macros

Avoid using the libssh and libssh2 macro namespaces by prefixing
these local macro names with `CURL_`.

Follow-up to 413a0fedd02c8c6df1d294534b8c6e306fcca7a2 #12346

Reviewed-by: Daniel Stenberg
Closes #12544

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