Change Attribute Syntax from @@ to #[]

Implement named parameters

From an engine perspective, named parameters mainly add three
concepts:

* The SEND_* opcodes now accept a CONST op2, which is the
argument nam

Implement named parameters

From an engine perspective, named parameters mainly add three
concepts:

* The SEND_* opcodes now accept a CONST op2, which is the
argument name. For now, it is looked up by linear scan and
runtime cached.
* This may leave UNDEF arguments on the stack. To avoid having
to deal with them in other places, a CHECK_UNDEF_ARGS opcode
is used to either replace them with defaults, or error.
* For variadic functions, EX(extra_named_params) are collected
and need to be freed based on ZEND_CALL_HAS_EXTRA_NAMED_PARAMS.

RFC: https://wiki.php.net/rfc/named_params

Closes GH-5357.

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Implement Shorter Attribute Syntax

RFC: https://wiki.php.net/rfc/shorter_attribute_syntax

Closes GH-5796.

Co-authored-by: Martin Schröder <m.schroeder2007@gmail.com>

Implement nullsafe ?-> operator

RFC: https://wiki.php.net/rfc/nullsafe_operator

Closes GH-5619.

Co-authored-by: Nikita Popov <nikita.ppv@gmail.com>

Treat namespaced names as single token

Namespace names are now lexed as single tokens of type
T_NAME_QUALIFIED, T_NAME_FULLY_QUALIFIED or T_NAME_RELATIVE.

RFC: https://wiki.php.

Treat namespaced names as single token

Namespace names are now lexed as single tokens of type
T_NAME_QUALIFIED, T_NAME_FULLY_QUALIFIED or T_NAME_RELATIVE.

RFC: https://wiki.php.net/rfc/namespaced_names_as_token

Closes GH-5827.

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Support optional comma in closure use list

RFC: https://wiki.php.net/rfc/trailing_comma_in_closure_use_list
Discussion: https://externals.io/message/110715

The release manager h

Support optional comma in closure use list

RFC: https://wiki.php.net/rfc/trailing_comma_in_closure_use_list
Discussion: https://externals.io/message/110715

The release manager has agreed to allow merging of RFCs that have near-unanimous
votes. If an RFC ends up not achieving the required 2/3 majority at the time the
announced voting period closes, this implementation commit will be reverted
in time for the feature freeze.

Closes GH-5793

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Improve output of tokens in Parse Errors

Currently, unexpected tokens in the parser are shown as the text
found, plus the internal token name, including the notorious
"unexpected '::

Improve output of tokens in Parse Errors

Currently, unexpected tokens in the parser are shown as the text
found, plus the internal token name, including the notorious
"unexpected '::' (T_PAAMAYIM_NEKUDOTAYIM)".

This commit replaces that with a more user-friendly format, with
two main types of token:

* Tokens which always represent the same text are shown like
'unexpected token "::"' and 'expected "::"'
* Tokens which have variable text are given a user-friendly
name, and show like 'unexpected identifier "foo"', and
'expected identifer'.

A few tokens have special cases:

* unexpected token """ -> unexpected double-quote mark
* unexpected quoted string "'foo'" -> unexpected single-quoted
string "foo"
* unexpected quoted string ""foo"" -> unexpected double-quoted
string "foo"
* unexpected illegal character "_" -> unexpected character 0xNN
(where _ is almost certainly a control character, and NN is the
hexadecimal value of the byte)

The \ token has a special case in the implementation just to stop
bison making a mess of escaping it and it coming out as \\

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Implement match expression

RFC: https://wiki.php.net/rfc/match_expression_v2

Closes GH-5371.

refactor: class constants parsing

As part of my work on typed class constants, I wanted to make a
separate pull request for unrelated changes.

These include:

* Moving

refactor: class constants parsing

As part of my work on typed class constants, I wanted to make a
separate pull request for unrelated changes.

These include:

* Moving from ast->child[0]->attr to ast->attr
* Making zend_ast_export_ex() export class constants' visibility
* Extracting an additional zend_compile_class_const_group() function

Closes GH-5812.

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Treat attribute argument lists like normal argument lists

Allow trailing comma. Syntactically allow unpacking, but forbid it
during compilation.

The trailing comma test-case is

Treat attribute argument lists like normal argument lists

Allow trailing comma. Syntactically allow unpacking, but forbid it
during compilation.

The trailing comma test-case is adopted from GH-5796.

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Forbid use of <?= as a semi-reserved identifier

One of the weirdest pieces of PHP code I've ever seen. In terms
of tokens, this gets internally translated to

use x as y; ech

Forbid use of <?= as a semi-reserved identifier

One of the weirdest pieces of PHP code I've ever seen. In terms
of tokens, this gets internally translated to

use x as y; echo as my_echo;

On master it crashes because this "echo" does not have attached
identifier metadata. Make sure it is added and then reject the
use of "<?=" as an identifier inside zend_lex_tstring.

Fixes oss-fuzz #23547.

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Add missing terminators in zend_language_parser.y

Closes GH-5688

Don't allow variables as attribute name

Attributes require a static class name...

This fixes https://oss-fuzz.com/testcase-detail/6267052359942144.

Fix bug #77966: Cannot alias a method named "namespace"

This is a bit tricky: In this cases we have "namespace as", which
means that we will only recognize "namespace" as an identifier w

Fix bug #77966: Cannot alias a method named "namespace"

This is a bit tricky: In this cases we have "namespace as", which
means that we will only recognize "namespace" as an identifier when
the lookahead token is already at the "as". This means that
zend_lex_tstring picks up the wrong identifier.

We solve this by actually assigning the identifier as the semantic
value on the parser stack -- as in almost all cases we will not
actually need the identifier, this is just an (offset, size)
reference, not a copy of the string.

Additionally, we need to teach the lexer feedback mechanism used
by tokenizer TOKEN_PARSE mode to apply feedback to something
other than the very last token. To that purpose we pass through
the token text and check the tokens in reverse order to find the
right one.

Closes GH-5668.

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Implement "Constructor Promotion" RFC

RFC: https://wiki.php.net/rfc/constructor_promotion

Closes GH-5291.

Add Attributes

Co-authored-by: Martin Schröder <m.schroeder2007@gmail.com>

Support catching exceptions without capturing them to variables

RFC: https://wiki.php.net/rfc/non-capturing_catches

Closes GH-5345.

Allow optional trailing comma in parameter list

RFC: https://wiki.php.net/rfc/trailing_comma_in_parameter_list

Closes GH-5306.

Make throw statement an expression

RFC: https://wiki.php.net/rfc/throw_expression

This has an open issue with temporaries that are live at the time
of the throw being leaked. La

Make throw statement an expression

RFC: https://wiki.php.net/rfc/throw_expression

This has an open issue with temporaries that are live at the time
of the throw being leaked. Landing this now for easier testing and
will revert if we cannot resolve the issue.

Closes GH-5279.

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Add static return type

RFC: https://wiki.php.net/rfc/static_return_type

The "static" type is represented as MAY_BE_STATIC, rather than
a class type like "self" and "parent", as

Add static return type

RFC: https://wiki.php.net/rfc/static_return_type

The "static" type is represented as MAY_BE_STATIC, rather than
a class type like "self" and "parent", as it has special
resolution semantics, and cannot be cached in the runtime cache.

Closes GH-5062.

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Allow arbitrary expressions in new/instanceof using () syntax

Treat magic constants like normal constants

Make class constants fully dereferencable

Unify array and object dereferencability

Split into fully_dereferencable and array_dereferencable