linux: use CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE if available

On some systems, clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) is only serviced from
the vDSO when the __vdso_clock_gettime() wrapper is confident enough

linux: use CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE if available

On some systems, clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) is only serviced from
the vDSO when the __vdso_clock_gettime() wrapper is confident enough
that the vDSO timestamp is highly accurate. When in doubt, it falls
back to making a traditional SYS_clock_gettime system call with all
the overhead that entails.

While a commendable approach, it's overkill for our purposes because we
don't usually need high precision time. That's why this commit switches
to CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE for low-precision timekeeping, provided said
clock has at least a one millisecond resolution.

This change should eliminate the system call on almost all systems,
including virtualized ones, provided the kernel is >= 2.6.32 and glibc
is new enough to find and parse the vDSO.

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unix, windows: add thread-local storage API

Uses the pthread_key_{create,delete} and pthread_{get,set}specific
functions on UNIX platforms, Tls{Alloc,Free} and Tls{Get,Set}Value
on W

unix, windows: add thread-local storage API

Uses the pthread_key_{create,delete} and pthread_{get,set}specific
functions on UNIX platforms, Tls{Alloc,Free} and Tls{Get,Set}Value
on Windows.

Fixes #904.

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unix, windows: return error codes directly

This commit changes the libuv API to return error codes directly rather
than storing them in a loop-global field.

A code snippet like

unix, windows: return error codes directly

This commit changes the libuv API to return error codes directly rather
than storing them in a loop-global field.

A code snippet like this one:

if (uv_foo(loop) < 0) {
uv_err_t err = uv_last_error(loop);
fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", uv_strerror(err));
}

Should be rewritten like this:

int err = uv_foo(loop);
if (err < 0)
fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", uv_strerror(err));

The rationale for this change is that it should make creating bindings
for other languages a lot easier: dealing with struct return values is
painful with most FFIs and often downright buggy.

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Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/v0.10'

unix: fix build when !defined(PTHREAD_MUTEX_ERRORCHECK)

Ancient versions of glibc (<= 2.3.1) don't have error-checking mutexes.

uv: support android libuv standalone build

Tested most of my compilation in the previous patch on NodeJS
and extracted the patches from there. This patch ensures libuv
will be capabl

uv: support android libuv standalone build

Tested most of my compilation in the previous patch on NodeJS
and extracted the patches from there. This patch ensures libuv
will be capable of building standalone as well, both with gyp
and Makefiles.

Build documentation was added to the README.md file.

Some tests are failing, and I have not heavily investigated
the reasons. The failures are generally on errors, and are
likely related to differences between fully POSIX-compatible
systems and android.

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unix: support for android builds

Adds targets and fixes to ensure building for android works.

To build on android, refer to the android standalone toolchain.

darwin: make uv_cond_timedwait() clock skew safe

Use pthread_cond_timedwait_relative_np() so we're not prone to spurious
bugs caused by clock skew.

darwin: merge uv_cond_timedwait implementation

This is a revised version of commit 8311390.

Revert "darwin: merge uv_cond_timedwait implementation"

Using mach_absolute_time() for the pthread_cond_timedwait() timeout
breaks a number of tests on OS X 10.8.2.

This reverts

Revert "darwin: merge uv_cond_timedwait implementation"

Using mach_absolute_time() for the pthread_cond_timedwait() timeout
breaks a number of tests on OS X 10.8.2.

This reverts commit 8311390f13177f3086ecdac875115d2d4cc2688b.

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darwin: merge uv_cond_timedwait implementation

Merge the OS X specific implementation of uv_cond_timedwait() with the
generic one. The only difference is that it now uses mach_absolute_t

darwin: merge uv_cond_timedwait implementation

Merge the OS X specific implementation of uv_cond_timedwait() with the
generic one. The only difference is that it now uses mach_absolute_time
instead of gettimeofday.

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unix: use uv__hrtime() internally

This commit renames the various uv_hrtime() implementations to uv__hrtime().

Libuv uses the high-res timer internally in performance-critical code

unix: use uv__hrtime() internally

This commit renames the various uv_hrtime() implementations to uv__hrtime().

Libuv uses the high-res timer internally in performance-critical code paths.
Calling the non-public version avoids going through the PLT when libuv is
compiled as a shared object.

The exported uv_hrtime() now has a single definition in src/unix/core.c that
calls uv__hrtime().

A future optimization is to lift the uv__hrtime() declarations into header
files so they can be inlined at the call sites. Then again, linking with -flto
should accomplish the same thing.

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unix, windows: add thread barrier support

Add support for condition variables on all platforms

darwin: fix return value of uv_sem_init()

It should return 0 or -1, not the kernel status code.

darwin: handle KERN_ABORTED in uv_sem_wait()

unix: don't abort() when trylock functions return EBUSY

Fixes #500.

unix: thread: use mach semaphores on osx

unix, windows: add semaphore functions

unix: make mutex sanity checks non-optional

unix: set PTHREAD_MUTEX_ERRORCHECK in debug mode

remove uv_thread_self

Wrap platform "thread-safe run once" APIs.

add uv_thread_self

Wrap platform thread APIs.